Electrical Force
What is charge?Charge is a fundamental property of the subatomic particles: electron, and proton. By definition, electron has negative charge, and proton has positive charge. Electron and proton have charge due to their nature. Charge is a defining or fundamental property, thus charge is used to explain other phenomena.
How doe we know that electron and proton have opposing charges?
Do electrons and protons oppose each other?
Does neurons have any charge? or similar property?
How do neurons interact with electrons and protons?
How do we know that electron, proton, and neuron do not have three dimensional tendencies?
What phenomena are associated with charges?
Charges exert electrical forces.
What are electrical forces?
When we jump we come back to earth due to gravitational force. We are aware of how magnets exert magnetic force on magnetic substances or other magnets. Similarly, charges (electrons or protons) or charged objects exert force on other charges or charged objects, and such force is called electric force.
Why is force associated with charges is called electric force?
Historically, the term electric stands for charge. Thus, the force associated with charge is called electric force.
Does electric force cause electrical energy?
No. Energy can not be caused or created or destroyed. Energy can only be transferred.
How does electric force or force due to charges, and electrical energy are related?
A force exerted on object A by object B, if object A exert push or pull on the object B. Observations show that like charges repel, and unlike charges attract. Repulsion is analogues to push, and attraction analogues to attraction. Thus, charges exert force.
You asserted that charges exerted force, and such force is called electric force. But how has it been verified that like charges repel, and unlike charges attract? I don't know.
Does the above law contradict or support the Newton's third law which states that when an object A exerts force on object B, object B exerts force equal in strength and opposite in direction on object A?
Assume electron A attracts proton B. The strength of force exerted by electron A and proton B are same. And, if electron A exerts the force right, it will experience a force exerted by B towards left. Here, the Newton's third law holds.
Assume electron A repels electron B. The strength of force exerted by electron A and electron B are same. And, if electron A exerts the force right, then by nature electron B will exert its force left. Here, the Newton's third law holds.
Returning to my original question, how are electrical force and electrical energy related?
Assume two positively and negatively charged plates as shown in Figure1. The charged plates exert forces on each other. The region of space where electric force exist is defined as the electric field.
What does electric field have to do with electrical energy?
If you place a small positive charge in the field as in Figure 2, the small positive charge will experience the electric force. Assuming that both plates consist of equal number of charges and evenly distributed, if the small positive charge was placed in the middle it will not move because the force exerted by opposing plates will cancel each other. On the other hand, if the small positive charge is placed near the negative plate it will be attracted towards it, and if placed near the positive plate it will be accelerated toward the negative plate due to repulsion of the positive plate and the positive small charge.
Mouth full. Ok. But what does electric field have to do with electrical energy?
When a person pushes or pulls and moved an object, we say the person exerted force and did work on the object. The person must have had energy to exert force. In moving the object the person transferred his muscular energy into kinetic or potential energy of the object. Similarly, in an electric field if a charge is brought in the charge will be moved. In other words, the electric field would have performed work on the charge. The electric field must have had energy to move the object.
How do you create electric field, physically?
Batteries are source for electric field, and capacitors can be charged to create an electric filed. You will need to understand electric current and magnetism to further understand electric field.
What is an electric current?
(Continuity Question)